End of Chapter Exercises Geometrical Optics, Physics 10
E - 1. Give one word for each of the following descriptions:

1.1 The image that is formed by a plane mirror.
1.2 The perpendicular line that is drawn at right angles to a reflecting surface at the point of incidence.
1.3 The bending of light as it travels from one medium to another.
1.4 The ray of light that falls in on an object.

1.5 A type of mirror that focuses all rays behind the mirror.

E - 2. State whether the following statements are TRUE or FALSE. If they are false, rewrite the statement correcting it.
2.1 The refractive index of a medium is an indication of how fast light will travel through the medium.
2.2 Total internal refraction takes place when the incident angle is larger than the critical angle.
2.3 The magnification of an object can be calculated if the speed of light in a vacuum and the speed of light in the medium is known.
2.4 The speed of light in a vacuum is about 3 × 10⁸ m.s$^{−1}$.
2.5 Specular reflection takes place when light is reflected off a rough surface.

E - 3. Choose words from Column B to match the concept/description in Column A. All the appropriate words should be identified. Words can be used more than once.

E - 4. Complete the following ray diagrams to show the path of light.


E - 5. A ray of light strikes a surface at 35◦ to the surface normal. Draw a ray diagram showing the incident ray, reflected ray and surface normal. Calculate the angles of incidence and reflection and fill them in on your diagram.

E - 6. Light travels from glass (n = 1,5) to acetone (n = 1,36). The angle of incidence is 25◦.
6.1 Describe the path of light as it moves into the acetone.
6.2 Calculate the angle of refraction.
6.3 What happens to the speed of the light as it moves from the glass to the acetone?
6.4 What happens to the wavelength of the light as it moves into the acetone?
6.5 What is the name of the phenomenon that occurs at the interface between the two
media?

E - 7. A stone lies at the bottom of a swimming pool. The water is 120 cm deep. The refractive index of water is 1,33. How deep does the stone appear to be?

E - 8. Light strikes the interface between air and an unknown medium with an incident angle of 32◦. The angle of refraction is measured to be 48◦. Calculate the refractive index of the medium and identify the medium.

E - 9. Explain what total internal reflection is and how it is used in medicine and telecommunications. Why is this technology much better to use?

E - 10. A candle 10 cm high is placed 25 cm in front of a plane mirror. Draw a ray diagram to show how the image is formed. Include all labels and write down the properties of the image.

E - 11. A virtual image, 4 cm high, is formed 3 cm from a plane mirror. Draw a labelled ray diagram to show the position and height of the object. What is the magnification?

E - 12. An object, 3 cm high, is placed 4 cm from a concave mirror of focal length 2 cm. Draw a labelled ray diagram to find the position, height and properties of the image.

E - 13. An object, 2 cm high, is placed 3 cm from a convex mirror. The magnification is 0,5. Calculate the focal length of the mirror.

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Physics 10.VI Geometrical Optics

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